Torts: Miscellaneous Provisions

Part of a Current Project

Restatement of the Law, Third,

This project is part of ALI’s ongoing revision of the Restatement Second of Torts. Portions of the Restatement Second have been superseded by the Restatement Third of Torts: Products Liability, Apportionment of Liability, Liability for Physical and Emotional Harm, and Liability for Economic Harm.

This Restatement addresses topics not covered in another part of the Restatement Third of Torts that either require updating since publication of the Restatement Second or were not previously addressed but should be covered in a modern torts Restatement. These topics will include medical liability, vicarious liability, wrongful death and survival actions, among others.

Shop individual parts

Tentative Draft No. 1
Tentative Draft No. 1
354 pages, 2022, #1R3TCPTD1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
Project Status at a Glance ........................................................................................ xv
Foreword .................................................................................................................. xvi
Reporters’ Memorandum ......................................................................................... xvii
APPORTIONMENT OF LIABILITY
TOPIC 6
TORT CLAIMS FOR ECONOMIC HARM
§ 27. Apportionment of Liability for Tort Claims for Economic Harm—General
Principle ........................................................................................................................ 1
§ 28. Apportionment of Liability Issues and Outline of This Topic ................................. 7
§ 29. Apportionment of Liability When Harm Can be Divided by Factual Causation .... 9
§ 30. Comparing Responsibility of Plaintiff and Intentional Tortfeasor Defendant ...... 17
§ 31. Comparing Responsibility of Plaintiff and Non-Intentional Tortfeasor
Defendant .................................................................................................................... 24
§ 32. Joint and Several Liability of Intentional Tortfeasors ........................................... 35
§ 33. Comparative Responsibility Share of Non-Intentional Tortfeasor Defendant ...... 37
§ 34. Effect of Settlement on Apportionment of Liability ............................................... 45
§ 35. Indemnity ............................................................................................................. 48
§ 36. Contribution .......................................................................................................... 51
§ 37. Apportionment of Liability When a Plaintiff Prevails on More Than One
Legal Theory .................................................................................................................. 57
APPORTIONMENT OF LIABILITY
TOPIC 1
BASIC RULES OF COMPARATIVE RESPONSIBILITY
§ 4 A. Wrongful Acts Doctrine ......................................................................................... 63
§ 4 B. Criminal Conduct and Other Statutory Wrongs as Plaintiff Negligence Per Se .... 66
Appendix ……………………………………….…….............................................………… 89
LIABILITY FOR PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL HARM
CHAPTER 11
LIABILITY OF MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS AND INSTITUTIONS
Introductory Note ............................................................................................................. 91
§ 1. Patient and Provider Defined .................................................................................... 93
§ 2. Patient-Care Relationship ....................................................................................... 100
§ 3. Duties to Patients and Others ................................................................................. 119
LIABILITY FOR PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL HARM
CHAPTER 8A
INTERFERENCE WITH FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
§ 48 D. Alienation of Spousal Affections Abolished ........................................................ 140
§ 48 E. Criminal Conversation Abolished ....................................................................... 147
IMMUNITIES
Special Note on Immunities ………………................................................………………. 155
CHAPTER 1
INTRA-FAMILY IMMUNITIES
§ 1. Spousal Immunity ..................................................................................................... 157
§ 2. Parental Immunity ..................................................................................................... 161
§ 3. Child Immunity .......................................................................................................... 164
§ 4. No Immunity for Other Familial Relationships ........................................................... 167
CHAPTER 2
MISCELLANEOUS IMMUNITIES
§ 5. Charitable Immunity .................................................................................................. 169
§ 6. Immunity of a Minor .................................................................................................. 171
§ 7. Immunity of an Actor with a Mental or Emotional Disability ...................................... 172
CHAPTER 3
GOVERNMENTAL ENTITIES AND PUBLIC OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES IMMUNITIES
§ 8. United States Immunity [to come] ............................................................................. 175
§ 9. State Immunity .......................................................................................................... 175
§ 10. Local Governmental Entity Immunity ...................................................................... 206
§ 11. Public Official and Employees Immunity [to come] ................................................. 250
PARENTAL STANDARD OF CARE
§ 10A. Parental Standard of Care .................................................................................... 251
LIABILITY FOR PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL HARM
CHAPTER 8
LIABILITY FOR EMOTIONAL HARM
Introductory Note .............................................................................................................. 271
§ 48 A. Loss of Spousal Consortium ................................................................................ 272
§ 48 B. Loss of Child Consortium ..................................................................................... 297
§ 48 C. Loss of Parental Consortium ............................................................................... 308
Appendix. Black Letter of Tentative Draft No. 1 .......................................................... 323
Tentative Draft No. 1 includes material on Apportionment of Liability for Economic Harm; Wrongful Acts Doctrine; Liability of Medical Professionals and Institutions; Interference with Family Relationships; Immunities; Parental Standard of Care; and Consortium. The membership voted to approve this draft at the 2022 Annual Meeting, subject to the discussion at the Meeting and editorial prerogative. This material may be cited as representing the Institute’s position until the official text is published.
354 pages, 2022, #1R3TCPTD1E
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
Project Status at a Glance ........................................................................................ xv
Foreword .................................................................................................................. xvi
Reporters’ Memorandum ......................................................................................... xvii
APPORTIONMENT OF LIABILITY
TOPIC 6
TORT CLAIMS FOR ECONOMIC HARM
§ 27. Apportionment of Liability for Tort Claims for Economic Harm—General
Principle ........................................................................................................................ 1
§ 28. Apportionment of Liability Issues and Outline of This Topic ................................. 7
§ 29. Apportionment of Liability When Harm Can be Divided by Factual Causation .... 9
§ 30. Comparing Responsibility of Plaintiff and Intentional Tortfeasor Defendant ...... 17
§ 31. Comparing Responsibility of Plaintiff and Non-Intentional Tortfeasor
Defendant .................................................................................................................... 24
§ 32. Joint and Several Liability of Intentional Tortfeasors ........................................... 35
§ 33. Comparative Responsibility Share of Non-Intentional Tortfeasor Defendant ...... 37
§ 34. Effect of Settlement on Apportionment of Liability ............................................... 45
§ 35. Indemnity ............................................................................................................. 48
§ 36. Contribution .......................................................................................................... 51
§ 37. Apportionment of Liability When a Plaintiff Prevails on More Than One
Legal Theory .................................................................................................................. 57
APPORTIONMENT OF LIABILITY
TOPIC 1
BASIC RULES OF COMPARATIVE RESPONSIBILITY
§ 4 A. Wrongful Acts Doctrine ......................................................................................... 63
§ 4 B. Criminal Conduct and Other Statutory Wrongs as Plaintiff Negligence Per Se .... 66
Appendix ……………………………………….…….............................................………… 89
LIABILITY FOR PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL HARM
CHAPTER 11
LIABILITY OF MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS AND INSTITUTIONS
Introductory Note ............................................................................................................. 91
§ 1. Patient and Provider Defined .................................................................................... 93
§ 2. Patient-Care Relationship ....................................................................................... 100
§ 3. Duties to Patients and Others ................................................................................. 119
LIABILITY FOR PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL HARM
CHAPTER 8A
INTERFERENCE WITH FAMILY RELATIONSHIPS
§ 48 D. Alienation of Spousal Affections Abolished ........................................................ 140
§ 48 E. Criminal Conversation Abolished ....................................................................... 147
IMMUNITIES
Special Note on Immunities ………………................................................………………. 155
CHAPTER 1
INTRA-FAMILY IMMUNITIES
§ 1. Spousal Immunity ..................................................................................................... 157
§ 2. Parental Immunity ..................................................................................................... 161
§ 3. Child Immunity .......................................................................................................... 164
§ 4. No Immunity for Other Familial Relationships ........................................................... 167
CHAPTER 2
MISCELLANEOUS IMMUNITIES
§ 5. Charitable Immunity .................................................................................................. 169
§ 6. Immunity of a Minor .................................................................................................. 171
§ 7. Immunity of an Actor with a Mental or Emotional Disability ...................................... 172
CHAPTER 3
GOVERNMENTAL ENTITIES AND PUBLIC OFFICIALS AND EMPLOYEES IMMUNITIES
§ 8. United States Immunity [to come] ............................................................................. 175
§ 9. State Immunity .......................................................................................................... 175
§ 10. Local Governmental Entity Immunity ...................................................................... 206
§ 11. Public Official and Employees Immunity [to come] ................................................. 250
PARENTAL STANDARD OF CARE
§ 10A. Parental Standard of Care .................................................................................... 251
LIABILITY FOR PHYSICAL AND EMOTIONAL HARM
CHAPTER 8
LIABILITY FOR EMOTIONAL HARM
Introductory Note .............................................................................................................. 271
§ 48 A. Loss of Spousal Consortium ................................................................................ 272
§ 48 B. Loss of Child Consortium ..................................................................................... 297
§ 48 C. Loss of Parental Consortium ............................................................................... 308
Appendix. Black Letter of Tentative Draft No. 1 .......................................................... 323
Tentative Draft No. 1 includes material on Apportionment of Liability for Economic Harm; Wrongful Acts Doctrine; Liability of Medical Professionals and Institutions; Interference with Family Relationships; Immunities; Parental Standard of Care; and Consortium. The membership voted to approve this draft at the 2022 Annual Meeting, subject to the discussion at the Meeting and editorial prerogative. This material may be cited as representing the Institute’s position until the official text is published.